Methodology of Independent Lab Testing

NSF Certificate

Please find the methodology and result below

1. PURPOSE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

This protocol is intended to assess the health and hygiene risk related to human consumption of waters compliant with Leg. Decree 31/2001 and subsequent amendments, treated with filter jugs

2. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

This protocol was drafted taking into consideration the following reference documents:

• Leg. Decree 31/2001 and subsequent amendments on the "quality of water intended for human consumption"
• Min. Decree 174/2004 “Regulation concerning materials and objects that can be used in fixed systems for the collection, treatment, adduction and distribution of water intended for human consumption", and subsequent amendments
• EN 17093:2018 Domestic appliances used for drinking water treatment, not connected to the water supply - Jug water filter systems - Safety and performance requirements labeling and information to be provided
• Min. Decree 25/2012 on "Technical provisions concerning equipment for the treatment of water intended for human consumption”.
• EC Reg.1935/04 concerning materials and objects intended to come into contact with food products
• NSF/ANSI 42
• NSF/ANSI 53
• UNI CEI EN ISO/IEC 17025:2018General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

3. TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS

• Test water
• Water of known composition with respect to the parameters concerned, used in contact tests to evaluate the effects produced by the use of the filter jug on chemical and microbiological quality.
• Test water for chemical quality evaluation Challenge water W1 Challenge water W2
• Test water for the evaluation of organic quality Challenge water W3
• Inoculation water for the evaluation of microbiological quality Challenge water with E. Coli (micro)
• LOQ (limit of quantification)
• Filter cartridge nominal capacity (gal–l)
• Maximum volume of water that can be treated with a filter cartridge, within which the manufacturer guarantees correct functioning of the device. (20gal.-75 l)
• Filter jug
• Filtration device for drinking water, not connected to a water supply, equipped with a filter cartridge and a container used to store the filtered water and dispense it at the time of consumption.
• Filter cartridge
• Filter, generally composite and consisting of carbons, resins and/or other materials, used in filter jugs in order to modify the organoleptic properties of the source water, to remove other substances potentially present in traces in the source water and/or carry out bacteriostatic activities; the filter cartridge is characterized by a nominal capacity that defines the maximum volume of water to be filtered.
• Contact tests
• Tests aimed at evaluating the effects produced by the use of the filter jug on the chemical and microbiological quality of the treated water. The tests are carried out by leaving a test water in contact with the filter cartridge in the times and methods established by EN 17093:2018; NSF 42-53 Min. Decree 174/2004 and subsequent amendments, in order to simulate, in standardized conditions, the use of the jug by the user.

4. DOCUMENTAL EVALUATION

The laboratory has examined and acquired the documentation accompanying each jug (instructions for use and recommendations), evaluating:

• Presence and adequacy of the certification of compliance with the safety requirements of EU directives that provide for the CE marking;
• the presence and completeness of the declaration of conformity of the filter jugs in relation to: Min. Decree 25/2012, Min. Decree 174/2004, Leg. Decree 31/2001 and subsequent amendments, EN 17093:2018; NSF 42-53 and, EC regulation 1935/2004; specifications applicable to the specific purposes for which the equipment is intended.
• The specific purposes for which the filter jug is intended, the values of the parameters of Leg. Decree 31/2001 and subsequent amendments modified by the treatment applied, the period of use and the performance values guaranteed by the device used will be implemented
1. The label contains:
2. Preliminary jug cleaning procedures before first use.
3. Procedure for activating and positioning the filter cartridge.
4. Procedure for reactivating the filter cartridge after a period of non-use.
5. Jug capacity.
6. Filter cartridge nominal capacity.
7. Jug temperature and storage conditions during use.
8. Limitations of use.
9. The jug is designed for use with drinking water only.
10. It will be necessary to insert the Batch and the product identification code on the filter and on the jug.
11. The procedures for disposing of filters and jugs are not described.

5. CONTACT TESTS

5.1. Criteria

• The procedures described in this protocol for contact testing have been developed taking into account the following criteria:
• Current regulatory references, with particular regard to EN 17093:2018; NSF 42-53; Decree 31/2001 and subsequent amendments and Min. Decree 25/2012; Min. Decree 174/2004; EC regulation 1935/2004
• operating procedures provided by the manufacturers of filter jugs currently on the market and/or reasonably practicable by users;
• Parameters for which, on the basis of available data, changes of potential health and hygiene interest in the quality of the filtered water in the jug have been highlighted or presumed.
• Acquisition of test data within the time limits set in the reference standard
• Evaluation of a representative number of filter jugs on the basis of the objectives set by the reference standard

5.2. Evaluation of the effects on the chemical quality of the filtered water

5.2.1. General procedure for the description of SCALAB tests in compliance with EN 17093:2018

The nominal capacity of the commercial filter declared by the manufacturer, i.e. 75 L, has been established as per the standard, filtration intervals of 4/19/38/56/75 L have been set, which correspond to 5/25/50/75/100% of the duration estimated by the manufacturer relevant to the filtering capacity subject to final evaluation.

Based on the foregoing, on 13/16/21/27/31 / December 2021 enrichments were carried out for the following analytical targets under study:

Challenge water W1

• Aluminum (200 ppb)
• Copper (3000 ppb)
• Lead (100ppb)
• Nickel (80 ppb)
• pH

Challenge water W2

• Limestone (300 mg/L)
• Nitrate (50 mg/L)
• Hardness(300 mg/L)
• Chlorine(1 mg/L)

Challenge water W3

• 2-4-6- TCP (5,0 ppb)
• Geosmin (0.05 ppb)
• Chloroform (100 ppb)

The aliquots of filtered liters were subjected to analysis immediately after sampling by the Inorganic, Organic and Metals Chemistry departments of SCALABSERVICE.

The % abatement results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3 in paragraph 5.2.3.

5.2.2. Sampling plan and procedure for the treated water in the jug

As indicated in § 7.2.5.1 for volatile substances (Chloroform, 2-4-6 TCP Geosmin), the appropriate volume for the test was taken after the first and last filtration of the day (1 and 5 L) and analyzed immediately, in order to avoid losses due to the composition of composite samples or long storage times.

For non-volatile substances, an aliquot of at least 100 ml was taken for each daily filtration to obtain a composite sample with a volume of at least 500 ml, for each day on which sampling was scheduled.

5.2.3. Analytical methods, LOQ indication, and percentage abatement results

Parameter	Analytical method	LoQ	Average minimum percentage reduction UNI 17093	% Abatement Filter 1	% Abatement Filter 2
Aluminum	EPA 6020B 2014	0.01 ppb	60	92.8	87.4
Copper	EPA 6020B 2014	0.01 ppb	80	99.0	96.7
Lead	EPA 6020B 2014	0.01 ppb	90	99.6	97.3
Nickel	EPA 6020B 2014	0.01 ppb	75	98.9	96.5
pH	APAT CNR IRSA 2060 Man 29

Table 1: Percentage abatement results obtained from Challenge water W1 tests.

Parameter	Analytical method	Loq	Average minimum percentage reduction UNI 17093	% Abatement Filter 1	% Abatement Filter 2
Limestone reduction	ANNEX E + APAT CNR IRSA 2040 B Man 29 2003	1 mg/L	30	100	100
Nitrate	APAT CNR IRSA 4020 B Man 29 2003	0.1 mg/L	50	95.0	97.5
Hardness	APAT CNR IRSA 2040 B Man 29 2003	1 mg/L	30	95.8	97.5
Chlorine	UNI EN ISO 7393-2:2018	0.03 mg/L	80	98.2	99.3

Table 2: Percentage abatement results obtained from Challenge water W2 tests.

Parameter	Analytical method	Loq	Average minimum percentage reduction UNI 17093	% Abatement Filter 1	% Abatement Filter 2
2-4-6 TCP	EPA 3510C 1996, EPA 8270E 2018	< 0.01 ppb	50	100	100
Geosmin	EPA 3510C 1996, EPA 8270E 2018	0.001 ppb	50	100	100
Chloroform	EPA 5030C 2003, EPA 8260D 2018	0.01 ppb	90	91.2	91.9

Table 3: Percentage abatement results obtained from Challenge water W3 tests.

It should be noted that the results expressed as a percentage abatement of chloroform were calculated with reference to the concentration value of the addition made on the Challenge water W3 also taking into account the recovery uncertainty. For the other analytes, this uncertainty was deemed negligible. Below are some images in order to describe how the tests are set up.

5.2.4. General procedure for the description of SCALABSERVICE tests in compliance with NSF 42-53 certification

The "influent Challenge water", prepared in the manner and concentrations provided for by the aforementioned standard and given in table 4, and adjusted in double preparation to pH values equal to 6.5 and 8.5, was passed through each filter (3 filters were tested), at a rate of 1 liter, 45 minutes load/45 minutes rest, and a sample of filtered water was taken from each filter after 25, 50 and 75 L and subjected to analysis immediately.

Based on the foregoing, the tests were carried out between 01 and 08 December 2021, enrichments were carried out for the following analytical targets under study.

Parameter	Analytical method	LoQ mg/l	Influent Challenge water concentration
Lead	EPA 6020B 2014	0.1	300 mg/l
Mercury	EPA 6020B 2014	0.01	150 mg/l
Chromium IV	APAT CNR IRSA 3150 C Man 29 2003	1	6.0 mg/l
PFOS/PFOA	EPA 537 2009	0.001	1.5 mg/l
Chlorine	UNI EN ISO 7393-2:2018	5	2000mg/l

Table 4: Parameters, methods and initial concentrations of the "influent Challenge water" used.

The results obtained for each filter at the two pH values are shown in the tables below.

Tests carried out at pH 6.5

Filter 2	V1	V2	V3	Overall percent reduction of this study	Overall percent reduction of a previous study	Maximum effluent Conc	Maximum permissible Effluent Conc	Regulatory References
Parameter	25L	50L	75L			ppb	ppb
Cr IV	< 1	< 1	<1	100.0	99.6	<1	50	Leg. Decree 31/2001 relating to hexavalent Cr
Pb	< 0.1	1.05	2.70	98.8	99.7	2.70	10	Leg. Decree 31/2001
Hg	< 0.01	0.30	0.40	94.2	96.7	0.40	1	Leg. Decree 31/2001
PFOS	< 0.001	0.03	0.05	97.3	94.9	0.05	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
PFOA	< 0.001	0.03	0.04	97.7	94.9	0.04	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
Chlorine	<5	<5	<5	100	97.5	<5	200	Leg. Decree 31/2001

Table 5: Results of the test carried out on Filter 2 at pH 6.5.

Filter 3	V1	V2	V3	Overall percent reduction of this study	Overall percent reduction of a previous study	Maximum effluent Conc	Maximum permissible Effluent Conc	Regulatory References
Parameter	25L	50L	75L			ppb	ppb
Cr IV	< 1	< 1	< 1	100.0	99.6	<1	50	Leg. Decree 31/2001 relating to hexavalent Cr
Pb	< 0.1	1.21	2.93	98.6	99.7	2.93	10	Leg. Decree 31/2001
Hg	< 0.01	0.30	0.50	93.3	96.7	0.5	1	Leg. Decree 31/2001
PFOS	< 0.001	0.03	0.04	97.6	94.9	0.04	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
PFOA	< 0.001	0.03	0.04	97.6	94.9	0.04	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
Chlorine	<5	<5	<5	100	97.5	<5	200	Leg. Decree 31/2001

Table 6: Results of the test carried out on Filter 3 at pH 6.5.

Tests carried out at pH 8.5

Filter 1	V1	V2	V3	Overall percent reduction of this study	Overall percent reduction of a previous study	Maximum effluent Conc	Maximum permissible Effluent Conc	Regulatory References
Parameter	25L	50L	75L			ppb	ppb
Cr IV	< 1	< 1	<1	100.0	99.6	<1	50	Leg. Decree 31/2001 relating to hexavalent Cr
Pb	< 0.1	1.25	1.60	99.1	99.7	1.6	10	Leg. Decree 31/2001
Hg	< 0.01	0.20	0.30	95.8	96.7	0.3	1	Leg. Decree 31/2001
PFOS	< 0.001	0.03	0.07	96.7	94.9	0.07	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
PFOA	< 0.001	<0.001	0.12	96.0	94.9	0.12	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
Chlorine	<5	<5	<5	100	97.5	<5	200	Leg. Decree 31/2001

Table 7: Results of the test carried out on Filter 1 at pH 8.5.

Filter 2	V1	V2	V3	Overall percent reduction of this study	Overall percent reduction of a previous study	Maximum effluent Conc	Maximum permissible Effluent Conc	Regulatory References
Parameter	25L	50L	75L			ppb	ppb
Cr IV	< 1	< 1	<1	100.0	99.6	<1	50	Leg. Decree 31/2001 relating to hexavalent Cr
Pb	< 0.1	<0.1	1.10	99.6	99.7	1.1	10	Leg. Decree 31/2001
Hg	< 0.01	0.30	0.30	95.0	96.7	0.3	1	Leg. Decree 31/2001
PFOS	< 0.001	0.05	0.06	96.3	94.9	0.06	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
PFOA	< 0.001	0.080	0.12	93.3	94.9	0.12	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
Chlorine	<5	<5	<5	100.0	97.5	<5	200	Leg. Decree 31/2001

Table 8: Results of the test carried out on Filter 2 at pH 8.5.

Filter 3	V1	V2	V3	Overall percent reduction of this study	Overall percent reduction of a previous study	Maximum effluent Conc	Maximum permissible Effluent Conc	Regulatory References
Parameter	25L	50L	75L			ppb	ppb
Cr VI	< 1	< 1	<1	100.0	99.6	<1	50	Leg. Decree 31/2001 relating to hexavalent Cr
Pb	< 0.1	0.5	0.80	99.6	99.7	1.1	10	Leg. Decree 31/2001
Hg	< 0.01	0.20	0.20	99.7	96.7	0.3	1	Leg. Decree 31/2001
PFOS	< 0.001	0.07	0.06	95.7	94.9	0.06	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
PFOA	< 0.001	0.04	0.08	96.0	94.9	0.12	0.5	EU Directive 2020/2184
Chlorine	<5	<5	<5	100.0	97.5	<5	200	Leg. Decree 31/2001

Table 9: Results of the test carried out on Filter 3 at pH 8.5.

5.2.5 Tests to evaluate the effects of specific and global migration of jugs

Tests were carried out in accordance with Min. Decree 174/2004 Ministry of Health. Regulation concerning materials and objects that can be used in fixed systems for the collection, treatment, adduction and distribution of water intended for human consumption (Official Gazette G.U. no. 166 dated 17-7-2004), the results of which are shown in the table below.

Min. Decree 174/2004	White Distilled Water	Test Jug Sample	Regulatory Limits
Global Migration (24h at 40°C) gravimetry in real conditions of use (ANNEX IIIC)	<1 mg/Kg	8.0 mg/kg (average of 2 tests)	60 mg/Kg
Specific Dye Migration (24h at 40°C) spectrophotometry in real conditions of use (Min. Decree of March 21, 1973, no. 34, ANNEX IV - SECTION VII - DETECTION OF DYE MIGRATION	> 95%	> 95 % (average of 2 tests)	optical transmission between 400 and 750 nm >95 %
Acrylamide (24h at 40°C) EPA 3535A 2007, EPA 8321B 2007 Table 1 EU Reg. no.10/2011	<0.001 mg/Kg	<0.001 mg/Kg	0.05 mg/Kg

Table 10: Specific and global migration test results.

5.3. Evaluation of the effects on the microbiological quality of filtered water

5.3.1. General procedure for the description of SCALAB tests

The test procedure for evaluating the microbiological characteristics of filter jugs, in accordance with UNI EN 17093:2018, consists of two types of verification: determination of the microbiological conditions of an intact filter cartridge and the evaluation of the colonization potential of the water filtration system through the use of bacterial indicators.

5.3.1.1 Test procedure for determining the microbiological conditions of an intact filter cartridge

As provided for in point 7.3.2 of the reference standard, the jug and hopper are cleaned with the use of sterile distilled water. At the end of the cleaning procedure, an intact cartridge from the packaging supplied by the manufacturer is inserted into the filter system and this is tested by passing 1 L of sterile drinking water through the filter. Immediately after the passage of water from the filter, samples are taken to analyze the presence of E. Coli, total coliforms, and enterococci.

5.3.1.2 Test procedure for evaluating the colonization potential of the water filtration system with bacterial indicators.

In order to verify the bacteriological colonization potential of the filtering system, it is operated for the filtering capacity (75 l) and the maximum time (3 weeks) declared by the manufacturer but, at the second week, it is subjected to a challenge test with E. Coli bacteria. In addition, the challenge test is repeated at the end of the maximum time of use (fourth week).

5.3.1.2.1 Sampling plan and procedure for the treated water in the jug

FIRST WEEK

Day I: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayII: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayIII: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayIV: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayV: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

No sampling takes place this week

SECOND WEEK

Day I: Filter 1L of water inoculated with E. Coli bacteria (prepared as in point B5.3)

From here analyze for E. Coli the sample of inoculated water (TW1) and the sample of inoculated water after filtration (MA1). The excess must be left inside the jug until the next day.

DayII: Take the filtrate left standing overnight and analyze for E. Coli (MB1). Filter 3 L of drinking water; from the first 2 L make a composite sample and analyze for E. Coli (MC1). Leave the third liter standing.

DayIII: Take the filtrate left standing overnight. Filter 3 L of drinking water. Make a composite sample from the remaining filtrate and the first 2 L and analyze for E. Coli (MD1). Leave the third liter standing.

DayIV: Take the filtrate left standing overnight. Filter 3 L of drinking water. Make a composite sample from the remaining filtrate and the first 2 L and analyze for E. Coli (ME1). Leave the third liter standing.

Day V: Empty the jug and leave it at room temperature.

Figure 15: How to do challenge tests with E. Coli.

Figure 16: Challenge water for titer control, maintained at the same environmental conditions as the jugs and filters subjected to testing

THIRD WEEK

DayI: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayII: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayIII: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayIV: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

DayV: Filter 7.5 L of drinking water, microbiologically compliant SCA point of use

FOURTH WEEK

Day I: Filter 1L of water inoculated with E. Coli bacteria (prepared as in point B5.3)

From here analyze for E. Coli the sample of inoculated water (TW2) and the sample of inoculated water after filtration (MA2). The excess must be left inside the jug until the next day.

DayII: Take the filtrate left standing overnight and analyze for E. Coli (MB2). Filter 3 L of drinking water; from the first 2 L make a composite sample and analyze for E. Coli (MC2). Leave the third liter standing.

DayIII: Take the filtrate left standing overnight. Filter 3 L of drinking water. Make a composite sample from the remaining filtrate and the first 2 L and analyze for E. Coli (MD2). Leave the third liter standing.

DayIV: Take the filtrate left standing overnight. Filter 3 L of drinking water. Make a composite sample from the remaining filtrate and the first 2 L and analyze for E. Coli (ME2).

It should be noted that the procedure described above was applied simultaneously to two filters.

Parallel to the tests described above and for the days of weeks 2 and 4, it is necessary to evaluate the titer of the inoculated water without nutrients kept in the same temperature conditions in which the test on the jugs is conducted (control samples), and the titer of the Challenge water inoculated and containing nutrients, as described in § 7.3.3.3.2 of the reference standard. The microbial concentration of the latter remained constantly above the initial value (>400 UFC/100ml), whereas the control of the challenge water without nutrients showed microbial growth always under double the initial value; below is a summary table of the controls.

1st Week	Date	12/20/2021 (initial value)		12/21/2021	12/22/2021		12/23/2021
	CONTROL OF CHALLENGE WATER WITHOUT NUTRIENTS	340 UFC/100ml		320 UFC/100ml	360 UFC/100ml		430 UFC/100ml
	CONTROL OF CHALLENGE WATER WITH NUTRIENTS	420 UFC/100ml		580 UFC/100ml	640 UFC/100ml		> 700 UFC/100ml
4th Week	Date	01/03/2022 (initial value)		01/04/2022	01/05/2022		01/06/2022
	CONTROL OF CHALLENGE WATER WITHOUT NUTRIENTS	480 UFC/100ml		500 UFC/100ml	560 UFC/100ml		520 UFC/100ml
	CONTROL OF CHALLENGE WATER WITH NUTRIENTS	490 UFC/100ml		600 UFC/100ml	> 700 UFC/100ml		> 700 UFC/100ml

Table 11: Challenge water control results.

5.3.3. Analytical methods, with indication of uncertainty

TEST PARAMETER	TEST METHOD
Escherichia Coli	APAT CNR IRSA 7030 F Man 29 2003
Total coliforms	APAT CNR IRSA 7010 C Man 29 2003
Enterococci	APAT CNR IRSA 7040 C Man 29 2003

5.3.4. Calculation and expression of results

All the results obtained refer to UFC/100ml

The results are detailed below:

		SUM OF DAILY DETERMINATIONS (MB+MC+MD+ME)	TWICE THE CHALLENGE WATER VALUE	RESULT
1st Week	Filter 1	228 UFC/100ml	692 UFC/100ml	Compliant
	Filter 2	4 UFC/100ml	800 UFC/100ml	Compliant
4th Week	Filter 1	81 UFC/100ml	440 UFC/100ml	Compliant
	Filter 2	9 UFC/100ml	280 UFC/100ml	Compliant
TEST RESULTEVALUATION CRITERIA (§7.3.3.5 of UNI EN ISO 17093)No colonization of the filter in the water filtration system occurs if the sum of UFC of E. Coli/100ml of the daily determinations (MB+MC+MD+ME) is not greater than twice the UFC value of E. Coli/100ml in the inoculated challenge test water (TW)

Table 12: Results of microbiological tests carried out in the weeks of contamination.

The nutrient-free titer control sample which was exposed to the same environmental conditions as the test maintained a constant level of microbial proliferation for the entire duration of the test (> 300 UFC/ml).

­­­

6. TEST RESULTS

6.1. METALS (Ph = 6.5 ~ Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

Parameter Tested	Inffluent Conc. in ppb	Zero Water	Brita Maxtra	PUR FM	Aquaphor
Aluminum (EPA)	228	<1	51.2	58.5	16.5
Minimum % Reduction: Not Specified		99.9+%	77.5%	74.3%	92.8%
Antimony (EPA)	6.1	<1	<1	<1	<1
Minimum % Reduction: 66.7%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Arsenic (+3)	301	<1	10.2	5.9	8.9
Minimum % Reduction: 96.7%		99.9+%	99.9+%	98.0%	97.0%
Cadmium	30.8	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<1
Minimum % Reduction: 83.3%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Chromium (+3)	330	<1	28.5	35.9	2.5
Minimum % Reduction: 66.7%		99.9+%	91.4%	89.1%	99.2%
Copper	3020	<1	422.0	<1	6.7
Minimum % Reduction: 56.7%		99.9+%	86.0%	99.9+%	1.0
Iron	3021	<1	294.6	18.7	139.0
Minimum % Reduction: 90.0%		99.9+%	90.2%	99.4%	95.4%
Lead	158	<1.0	45.8	<1.0	5.1
Minimum % Reduction: Not Specified		99.9+%	71.0%	99.9+%	9677.2%
Manganese	1101	<1	<1	<1	5.4
Minimum % Reduction: 95.0%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	1.0
Mercury	6.1	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: 66.7%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Nickel (EPA)	110	<1	64.7	<1	<1
Minimum % Reduction: Not Specified		99.9+%	41.2%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Selenium	102	<1	<1	<1	13.3
Minimum % Reduction: 50.0%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	0.9
Silver (EPA)	135	<1	<1	<1	<1
Minimum % Reduction: Not Specified		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Thalium (EPA)	6.0	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<1
Minimum % Reduction: 66.7%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%	99.9+%
Total	8555	<1	921.6	122.6	301

6.2. INORGANIC NON-METAL (Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

Parameter Tested	Inffluent Conc. In mg/L	Zero Water	PUR FM	Brita Maxtra	Aquaphor
Residual Chlorine	2.00	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	0.03
Minimum % Reduction: ≥50.0%		99.9%	99.9%	99.9%	99.9%
Chloride	885	1.1	765	630	800
Minimum % Reduction: ≥68.9%		99.9%	13.6%	28.8%	9.6%
Fluoride	9.02	0.05	7.79	7.8	7.98
Minimum % Reduction: ≥81.3%		99.4%	13.6%	13.5%	11.5%
Nitrate	27.0	<0.5	27.0	26.8	21
Minimum % Reduction: ≥63.0%		99.9%	0.0%	0.7%	22.2%
Nitrite	3.0	<0.5	2.0	1.3	3.0
Minimum % Reduction: ≥66.7%		99.9%	33.3%	56.7%	0.0%
pH	7.20-7.40	7.40	7.40	6.75	6.85
Acceptable range: 6.5 to 8.5
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)	1290	0.48	1244	1140	940
Minimum % Reduction: ≥66.6%		99.9+%	3.6%	11.6%	27.1%

6.3. HERBICIDES/CHLORINATED ACIDS (Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

TDS tested with a Hanna Conducivity Meter.

Herbicide Parameters	Inffluent Conc. in ppb	Zero Water	PUR FM	Brita Maxtra	Aquaphor
2,4-D	199.68	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Pentachlorophenol	14.71	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)	178.91	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
2,4,5-T	152.38	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
2,4-DB	50.00	1.46	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		97.1%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Dinosep	21.05	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Hexachloropendiene	150.43	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
DCPA	52.23	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb	<0.5 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Total	819.39	1.46	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5

6.4. PESTICIDES (Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

Pesticide Parameters	Inffluent Conc.in ppb	Zero Water	PUR FM	Brita Maxtra	Aquaphor
Lindane	2.36	2.24	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		5.1%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Heptachlor	82.97	0.77	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.1%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Aldrin	9.44	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Atrazine	9.45	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >97%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Heptachlor Epoxide	4.25	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Chlordane	60.91	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Endrin	6.14	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Simazine	11.89	0.36	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >97%		97.0%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%
Metoxychlor	121.88	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb	<0.2 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.99%	99.99%	99.99%	99.99%

6.5. PFOA/PERFLUOOOCTANOIC ACIDS (Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

PFOA Parameters	Inffluent Conc. in ppb	ZeroWater	PUR FM	Brita Maxtra	Aquaphor
Perfluoroctanoic Acid	2.05	<0.02 ppb	<0.02 ppb	<0.02 ppb	<0.05 ppb
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		>99.0%	>99.0%	>99.0%	>99.9%

6.6. VOC/EPA (Total Volume: 5 Gallon)

Parameter Tested	Inffluent Conc. in ppb	ZeroWater	PUR FM	Brita Maxtra	Aquaphor
Chloromethane	1.64	<0.5	<0.5	0.66	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.99%	59.8%	99.9+%
Vinychloride	5.00	1.31	<0.5	2.81	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		73.8%	99.9+%	43.8%	99.9+%
Bromomethane	11.28	2.59	<0.5	5.82	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		77.0%	99.9+%	48.4%	99.9+%
Chloroethane	1.60	<0.5	<0.5	1.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	25.0%	99.9+%
Flourotrichloromethane	0.10	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
1, 1-Dichloroethene	83.20	4.81	<0.5	3.54	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		94.2%	99.9+%	95.7%	99.9+%
Methylene Chloride	22.46	5.10	<0.5	0.9	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		77.3%	99.9+%	96.0%	99.9+%
trans-1, 2-Dichloroethene	86.30	1.80	<0.5	5.02	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		97.9%	99.9+%	94.2%	99.9+%
MTBE	77.34	3.53	<0.5	4.23	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		95.4%	99.9+%	94.5%	99.9+%
1, 1-Dichloroethane	18.84	3.57	<0.5	6.58	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		81.1%	99.9+%	65.1%	99.9+%
cis-1, 2-Dichloroethene	170.20	2.36	<0.5	5.85	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		98.6%	99.9+%	96.6%	99.9+%
2, 2-Dichloropropane	10.25	2.19	<0.5	5.8	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		78.6%	99.9+%	43.4%	99.9+%
Bromochloromethane	25.93	5.27	<0.5	1.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		79.7%	99.9+%	95.4%	99.9+%
Chloroform	75.40	7.82	<0.5	2.1	4.28
Minimum % Reduction: >95%		89.6%	99.9+%	97.2%	94.3%
Carbon Tetrachloride	78.50	0.91	<0.5	3.56	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		98.8%	99.9+%	95.5%	99.9+%
1, 1, 1-Trichloroethane	84.20	2.64	<0.5	6.35	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		96.9%	99.9+%	92.5%	99.9+%
1, 1-Dichloropropane	8.86	1.25	<0.5	4.58	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		85.9%	99.9+%	48.3%	99.9+%
Benzene	81.50	1.34	<0.5	3.69	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		98.4%	99.9+%	95.5%	99.9+%
1, 2-Dichloroethane	88.25	4.20	<0.5	10.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		95.2%	99.9+%	88.4%	99.9+%
Trichloroethene	180.00	5.82	<0.5	5.3	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		96.8%	99.9+%	97.1%	99.9+%
Dibromomethane	25.73	5.05	<0.5	1.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		80.4%	99.9+%	94.2%	99.9+%
1, 2-Dichloropropane	80.10	2.58	<0.5	7.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		96.8%	99.9+%	90.6%	99.9+%
Bromodichloromethane	75.00	8.70	<0.5	6.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >95%		88.4%	99.9+%	91.3%	99.9+%
cis-1, 3-Dichloropropene	79.50	2.68	<0.5	9.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		96.6%	99.9+%	88.4%	99.9+%
Toluene	78.30	1.51	<0.5	3.9	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		98.1%	99.9+%	95.0%	99.9+%
trans-1, 3-Dicloropropene	20.32	2.74	<0.5	9.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		86.5%	99.9+%	53.2%	99.9+%
Tetrachloroethene	81.60	2.12	<0.5	4.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		97.4%	99.9+%	94.9%	99.9+%
1, 1, 2-Trichloroethane	20.16	<0.5	<0.5	10.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%			99.9+%	49.4%	99.9+%
Chlorodibromomethane	75.30	4.17	<0.5	6.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >95%		94.5%	99.9+%	91.8%	99.9+%
1, 3-Dichloropropane	21.24	3.60	<0.5	10.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		83.1%	99.9+%	50.6%	99.9+%
Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)	44.80	<0.2	<0.2	5.4	<0.2
Minimum % Reduction: >99%			99.9+%	87.9%	99.9+%
Ethylbenzene	88.20	0.78	<0.5	5.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.1%	99.9+%	94.1%	99.9+%
Chlorobenzene	77.20	0.64	<0.5	4.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.2%	99.9+%	94.6%	99.9+%
m and p-Xylene	46.33	0.52	<0.5	2.1	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		98.9%	99.9+%	95.5%	99.9+%
o-Xylene	23.20	0.58	<0.5	4.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		97.5%	99.9+%	81.9%	99.9+%
Styrene	150.40	0.59	<0.5	3.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.6%	99.9+%	97.9%	99.9+%
Bromoform	75.90	1.12	<0.5	7.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >95%		98.5%	99.9+%	90.1%	99.9+%
Isopropylbenzene	6.78	<0.5	<0.5	3.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	52.8%	99.9+%
n-propylbenzene	9.37	<0.5	<0.5	3.9	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	58.4%	99.9+%
Bromobenzene	12.58	<0.5	<0.5	5.4	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	57.1%	99.9+%
1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloroethane	81.20	<0.5	<0.5	1.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	98.5%	99.9+%
1, 3, 5-Trimethylbenzene	9.40	<0.5	<0.5	3.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	62.8%	99.9+%
2-Chlorotoluene	10.08	<0.5	<0.5	4.1	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	59.3%	99.9+%
1, 2, 3-Trichloropropane (TCP)	18.21	<0.5	<0.5	10.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	44.0%	99.9+%
4-Chlorotoluene	10.95	<0.5	<0.5	4.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	58.9%	99.9+%
Tert-Butylbenzene	10.14	<0.5	<0.5	4.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	58.6%	99.9+%
1, 2, 4-Trimethylbenzene	9.69	<0.5	<0.5	3.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	63.9%	99.9+%
sec-Butylbenzene	7.84	<0.5	<0.5	2.1	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	73.2%	99.9+%
4-Isopropyltoluene	10.37	<0.5	<0.5	3.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	66.2%	99.9+%
1, 3-Dichlorobenzene	40.20	<0.5	<0.5	4.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	89.6%	99.9+%
1, 4-Dichlorobenzene	40.20	<0.5	<0.5	3.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	91.3%	99.9+%
n-Butylbenzene	10.50	<0.5	<0.5	3.2	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	69.5%	99.9+%
1, 2-Dichlorobenzene	80.30	<0.5	<0.5	4.8	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	94.0%	99.9+%
1, 2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane	52.40	<0.5	<0.5	4.6	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	91.2%	99.9+%
Hexachlorobutadiene	44.90	<0.5	<0.5	2.9	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	93.5%	99.9+%
1, 2, 4-Trichlorobenzene	13.59	<0.5	<0.5	4.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	66.9%	99.9+%
Naphthalene	160.90	<0.5	<0.5	4.9	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	97.0%	99.9+%
1, 2, 3-Trichlorobenzene	14.22	<0.5	<0.5	4.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	68.4%	99.9+%
Bromoacetonitrile	22.50	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
Dibromoacetonitrile	24.60	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5	<0.5
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
Dichloroacetonitrile	9.60	<0.2	<0.2	<0.2	<0.2
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
Trichloroacetonitrile	15.00	<0.3	<0.3	<0.3	<0.3
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
1,1-Dichloro-2-propanone	7.20	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1	<0.1
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
1,1,1-Trichloro-2-propanone	8.20	<0.3	<0.3	<0.3	<0.3
Minimum % Reduction: >99%		99.9+%	99.9+%	99.99%	99.9+%
Total	2915.1	123.2	1.0	318.1	5.2